Xamarin.Forms 與 Azure Mobile App Lab 13

在 Xamarin.Forms 專案，修正進行 Azure 行動應用推播中樞註冊

在這裡，我們將要把我們寫好的 Xamarin.Forms 專案，設定使用 Azure 行動應用的推播服務功能，也就是要在應用程式啟動時候，與 Azure 行動應用的推播中樞進行註冊，並且可以接收與顯示推播訊息內容。

第一次準備工作

在您原先做好的 Xamarin.Forms 專案中，需要加入 Google Cloud Messaging Client 元件

加入 Google Cloud Messaging Client 元件

• 使用 Visual Studio 2015 打開 XFDoggy.sln 專案
• 滑鼠右擊 原生Android專案的 Components，選擇 Get More Components
• 在搜尋文字輸入盒內，填入 Google Cloud Messaging Client 搜尋這個元件
  
• 點選 Google Cloud Messaging Client 元件，接著點選 Add to App 按鈕
  

修改 原生 Android 專案

在這裡，我們僅需要修正 原生 Android 專案，讓 Android 應用程式可以與行動中樞溝通。

設計自己的 GcmServiceBase 類別

• 滑鼠右擊 原生Android專案中的 Infrastructure 資料夾，選擇 加入 > 類別
• 在對話窗中，點選 Visual C# > Class
• 在名稱欄位中，輸入 GcmService
• 最後，點選 新增 按鈕
• 將底下程式碼置換這個 GcmService 類別

  請解析要加入的適當命名空間

• 請將這行程式碼 public static string[] SENDER_IDS = new string[] { "300143732939" }; 的 300143732939 文字，置換成為您申請到的 FCM 寄件者 ID
  

using Android.App;
using Android.Content;
using Android.Media;
using Android.Support.V4.App;
using Android.Util;
using Gcm.Client;
using Microsoft.WindowsAzure.MobileServices;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text;
using XFDoggy.Helpers;

[assembly: Permission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.INTERNET")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.WAKE_LOCK")]
//GET_ACCOUNTS is only needed for android versions 4.0.3 and below
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS")]

namespace XFDoggy.Droid.Infrastructure
{
    [Service]
    public class GcmService : GcmServiceBase
    {
        public static string RegistrationID { get; private set; }

        public GcmService()
            : base(PushHandlerBroadcastReceiver.SENDER_IDS) { }

        protected override void OnRegistered(Context context, string registrationId)
        {
            Log.Verbose("PushHandlerBroadcastReceiver", "GCM Registered: " + registrationId);
            RegistrationID = registrationId;

            var push = MainHelper.client.GetPush();

            MainActivity.CurrentActivity.RunOnUiThread(() => Register(push, null));
        }

        public async void Register(Microsoft.WindowsAzure.MobileServices.Push push, IEnumerable<string> tags)
        {
            try
            {
                const string templateBodyGCM = "{\"data\":{\"message\":\"$(messageParam)\"}}";

                JObject templates = new JObject();
                templates["genericMessage"] = new JObject
                {
                    { "body", templateBodyGCM}
                };

                await push.RegisterAsync(RegistrationID, templates);
                Log.Info("Push Installation Id", push.InstallationId.ToString());
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                Debugger.Break();
            }
        }

        protected override void OnMessage(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            Log.Info("PushHandlerBroadcastReceiver", "GCM Message Received!");

            var msg = new StringBuilder();

            if (intent != null && intent.Extras != null)
            {
                foreach (var key in intent.Extras.KeySet())
                    msg.AppendLine(key + "=" + intent.Extras.Get(key).ToString());
            }

            //Store the message
            var prefs = GetSharedPreferences(context.PackageName, FileCreationMode.Private);
            var edit = prefs.Edit();
            edit.PutString("last_msg", msg.ToString());
            edit.Commit();

            string message = intent.Extras.GetString("message");
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
            {
                createNotification("多奇數位創意通知", message);
                return;
            }

            string msg2 = intent.Extras.GetString("msg");
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(msg2))
            {
                createNotification("New hub message!", msg2);
                return;
            }

            createNotification("Unknown message details", msg.ToString());
        }

        void createNotification(string title, string desc)
        {
            //Create notification
            var notificationManager = GetSystemService(Context.NotificationService) as NotificationManager;

            //Create an intent to show ui
            var uiIntent = new Intent(this, typeof(MainActivity));

            //Use Notification Builder
            NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);

            //Create the notification
            //we use the pending intent, passing our ui intent over which will get called
            //when the notification is tapped.
            var notification = builder.SetContentIntent(PendingIntent.GetActivity(this, 0, uiIntent, 0))
                    .SetSmallIcon(Android.Resource.Drawable.SymActionEmail)
                    .SetTicker(title)
                    .SetContentTitle(title)
                    .SetContentText(desc)

                    //Set the notification sound
                    .SetSound(RingtoneManager.GetDefaultUri(RingtoneType.Notification))

                    //Auto cancel will remove the notification once the user touches it
                    .SetAutoCancel(true).Build();

            //Show the notification
            notificationManager.Notify(1, notification);
        }

        protected override void OnUnRegistered(Context context, string registrationId)
        {
            Log.Error("PushHandlerBroadcastReceiver", "Unregistered RegisterationId : " + registrationId);
        }

        protected override void OnError(Context context, string errorId)
        {
            Log.Error("PushHandlerBroadcastReceiver", "GCM Error: " + errorId);
        }
    }

    [BroadcastReceiver(Permission = Gcm.Client.Constants.PERMISSION_GCM_INTENTS)]
    [IntentFilter(new string[] { Gcm.Client.Constants.INTENT_FROM_GCM_MESSAGE }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]
    [IntentFilter(new string[] { Gcm.Client.Constants.INTENT_FROM_GCM_REGISTRATION_CALLBACK }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]
    [IntentFilter(new string[] { Gcm.Client.Constants.INTENT_FROM_GCM_LIBRARY_RETRY }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]
    public class PushHandlerBroadcastReceiver : GcmBroadcastReceiverBase<GcmService>
    {
        public static string[] SENDER_IDS = new string[] { "300143732939" };
    }

}

修改 MainActivity

• 在 原生Android專案中，開啟 MainActivity.cs
• 將底下程式碼置換這個 GcmService 類別

  請解析要加入的適當命名空間

using System;

using Android.App;
using Android.Content.PM;
using Android.Runtime;
using Android.Views;
using Android.Widget;
using Android.OS;
using Prism.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.WindowsAzure.MobileServices;
using XFDoggy.Helpers;

using Gcm.Client;
using XFDoggy.Droid.Infrastructure;

[assembly: UsesPermission(Android.Manifest.Permission.AccessNetworkState)]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Android.Manifest.Permission.ReadExternalStorage)]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Android.Manifest.Permission.WriteExternalStorage)]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Android.Manifest.Permission.CallPhone)]
namespace XFDoggy.Droid
{
    [Activity(Label = "多奇數位創意", Icon = "@drawable/icon", MainLauncher = true, ConfigurationChanges = ConfigChanges.ScreenSize | ConfigChanges.Orientation)]
    public class MainActivity : global::Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.FormsAppCompatActivity, IAuthenticate
    {
        #region Firebase 的推播設定用程式碼
        // Create a new instance field for this activity.
        static MainActivity instance = null;

        // Return the current activity instance.
        public static MainActivity CurrentActivity
        {
            get
            {
                return instance;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Azure 行動應用之身分驗證用到程式碼

        // Define a authenticated user.
        private MobileServiceUser user;


        public async Task<bool> Authenticate(MobileServiceAuthenticationProvider p登入方式)
        {
            // 驗證結果
            var success = false;
            // 要顯示的訊息
            var message = string.Empty;
            try
            {
                // 呼叫 Azure Mobile 用戶端的 LoginAsync 方法，依據指定的登入類型，進行身分驗證登入
                user = await MainHelper.client.LoginAsync(this, p登入方式);
                if (user != null)
                {
                    message = string.Format("you are now signed-in as {0}.", user.UserId);
                    success = true;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                message = ex.Message;
            }

            // 顯示登入成功或者失敗.
            //AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
            //builder.SetMessage(message);
            //builder.SetTitle("Sign-in result");
            //builder.Create().Show();

            return success;
        }
        #endregion

        protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)
        {
            TabLayoutResource = Resource.Layout.tabs;
            ToolbarResource = Resource.Layout.toolbar;

            base.OnCreate(bundle);

            global::Xamarin.Forms.Forms.Init(this, bundle);

            #region Azure 行動應用之身分驗證用到程式碼
            // 將在 Android 原生平台實作的 IAuthenticate 物件，指定到 核心PCL 專案內
            App.Init((IAuthenticate)this);
            #endregion

            #region Firebase 的推播設定用程式碼
            // Set the current instance of MainActivity.
            instance = this;
            #endregion

            LoadApplication(new App(new AndroidInitializer()));

            #region Firebase 的推播設定用程式碼
            try
            {
                // Check to ensure everything's set up right
                GcmClient.CheckDevice(this);
                GcmClient.CheckManifest(this);

                // Register for push notifications
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Registering...");
                GcmClient.Register(this, PushHandlerBroadcastReceiver.SENDER_IDS);
            }
            catch (Java.Net.MalformedURLException)
            {
                CreateAndShowDialog("There was an error creating the client. Verify the URL.", "Error");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                CreateAndShowDialog(e.Message, "Error");
            }
            #endregion
        }

        #region Firebase 的推播設定用程式碼
        private void CreateAndShowDialog(String message, String title)
        {
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);

            builder.SetMessage(message);
            builder.SetTitle(title);
            builder.Create().Show();
        }
        #endregion

        #region Firebase 的推播設定用程式碼

        #endregion
    }

    public class AndroidInitializer : IPlatformInitializer
    {
        public void RegisterTypes(IUnityContainer container)
        {

        }
    }
}

執行與測試

• 您需要有安裝 Google Play 服務的裝置，才能夠進行底下的測試